ENGLISH AND UZBEK SPEECH ETHIQUETTE ANALYSIS FROM THE RHETORICAL PROSPECT
Keywords:
speech etiquette, politeness strategies, rhetorical analysis, English language, Uzbek language, cross-cultural pragmatics, intercultural communication.Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive rhetorical-comparative study of speech etiquette formulas in English and Uzbek. Drawing on theories of politeness, speech act theory, and rhetorical analysis, the study investigates how formulaic expressions—such as greetings, requests, apologies, and compliments—operate in both languages to construct social relationships and reinforce cultural norms. While English tends to favor strategies balancing personal autonomy with politeness, Uzbek emphasizes respect, communal harmony, and hierarchy.
References
Aristotle. On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse. Translated by G. A. Kennedy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Original work published ca. 4th century BCE. 322 p.
Austin, J. L. How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962. 163 p.
Bachman, L. F., A. S. Palmer. Language Assessment in Practice: Developing Language Assessments and Justifying Their Use in the Real World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. 378 p.
Blum-Kulka, S. “Indirectness and Politeness in Requests: Same or Different?” Journal of Pragmatics 11, no. 2 (1987): 131–146.
Blum-Kulka, S., J. House, and G. Kasper. Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1989. 312 p.
Brown, P., and S. C. Levinson. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. 345 p.
Crystal, D. English as a Global Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 212 p.