DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF IL-6, TNF-Α AND CD4/CD8 IN THE FORECASTING OF SEVERE CARDIORESPIRATORY FORMS OF POST-VIDEO SYNDROME

Abstract

The cardiorespiratory form of post-COVID syndrome (CRF PCS) is one of the most prognostically unfavorable variants of the long-term consequences of COVID-19, accompanied by persistent shortness of breath, tachycardia, reduced tolerance to stress, and signs of systemic inflammation. Despite a significant number of studies, the immune mechanisms underlying CRF PCS remain insufficiently studied, especially in regional populations with pronounced climatic and ecological loads, such as the Navoi region. The purpose of the study was to identify immunological disorders that determine the development of PCOS CRF and their relationship with clinical manifestations. The study included 137 patients with PCOS and 20 conditionally healthy individuals. Lymphocytic subpopulations (CD3, CD4, CD8, NK), cytokine profile (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10), markers of endothelial dysfunction (D-dimer, sICAM-1), as well as functional indicators of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems were assessed. The results showed a pronounced imbalance between innate and adaptive immunity, an increase in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a disruption of hemostasis, which correlated with shortness of breath (r=0.63), a decrease in SpO2 (p<0.001), and tachycardia. The significance of IL-6, TNF-α, and CD4/CD8 for predicting the severity of PCOS has been established. The obtained data confirm the key role of immune imbalance in the development of PCOS and indicate the need for early immunological monitoring and pathogenetically oriented approaches.