FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL MOBILITY IN THE PROCESSES OF EXTERNAL MIGRATION

Abstract

This article analyzes the impact of external migration processes on the formation and development of social mobility in Uzbekistan, based on a sociological approach. It thoroughly examines the processes of social status change, economic stability, professional skill development, and cultural integration that arise as a result of migration. Particular attention is paid to cases of vertical and horizontal social mobility, analyzed through empirical data on individuals and their families who have improved their social status through labor migration. The research focuses on regional statistical differences, the reintegration of returning migrants, and the emerging social structural changes within the framework of the transformational approach. Migrants accumulate not only material resources abroad but also social and cultural capital. They learn foreign languages and become familiar with modern service standards, financial literacy, and labor culture. Returning migrants may face dual pressure in local communities: on the one hand, they possess significant economic potential, but on the other hand, local social structures may not be ready to accommodate them — a pressing issue still awaiting resolution.