KEY DIRECTIONS IN SCHOLARLY RESEARCH ON CULTURAL HERITAGE MONUMENTS IN SURKHANDARYA: HISTORICAL ANALYSIS (Second Half of the 19th Century–Present)
Keywords:
Surkhandarya, Termez, cultural heritage site, archaeology, historicity, expedition, Teshik-Tash, Zarautsoy, MAFOuz, cultural heritage protectionAbstract
In this article, the formation and progressive development of scholarly research on cultural heritage monuments in the Surkhandarya region are examined through a historiographical approach. The study aims to periodize the transition from the initial documentation of monuments to expedition-based excavations, the emergence of research schools, and the expansion of international cooperation, as well as to identify the key directions of contemporary research. The methodological framework includes source analysis, the historical-comparative method, chronological periodization, and thematic classification. As a result, the history of research monuments is divided into five stages. It is argued that the Termez Archaeological Complex Expedition and the excavations at Teshik-Tash Cave constituted major scholarly “turning points”; that systematic investigations conducted in 1979–1990 ensured continuity and institutional stability of regional archaeological work; and that from 1993 to the present, the MAFOuz–Bactria mission and other international programs have shaped the current stage of the region’s archaeology, including methodological modernization, interdisciplinary approaches, and heritage management practices.
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