1-TUR QANDLI DIABETNING RIVOJLANISHIDA KLINIK, IMMUNOLOGIK VA METABOLIK OMILLARNING O‘ZARO BOG‘LIQLIGI (ADABIYOTLAR SHARHI)
##article.subject##:
tur qandli diabet, avtoimmun yallig‘lanish, β-hujayralar, metabolik buzilishlar, immunoterapiya, biobelgilar, ichak mikrobiotasi##article.abstract##
1-tur qandli diabet (QD1) – bu surunkali avtoimmun kasallik bo‘lib, unda immun tizimi oshqozon osti bezining β-hujayralariga noto‘g‘ri hujum qilib, ularning butunlay buzilishiga va insulin yetishmovchiligiga olib keladi. Natijada, og‘ir giperglikemiya rivojlanib, tizimli metabolik buzilishlarga sabab bo‘ladi. Ushbu sharhda QD1 patogenezining asosiy jihatlari, jumladan, klinik ko‘rinishlari, immun mexanizmlari va metabolik oqibatlari tahlil qilinadi. Genetik omillarning roli, immun tizimining metabolik jarayonlar bilan o‘zaro ta’siri, shuningdek, zamonaviy diagnostika usullari va yangi terapevtik strategiyalar muhokama qilinadi. Maqolada erta tashxis qo‘yishda muhim bo‘lgan biobelgilar, jumladan, avtoantitanalar va yallig‘lanish jarayonini kuchaytiruvchi sitokinlar bo‘yicha olib borilgan zamonaviy tadqiqotlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, immmunoterapiya, hujayraviy terapiya va ichak mikrobiotasining kasallik kechishiga ta’siri kabi istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar tahlil qilinadi. QD1 patogenezini tushunish borasida muhim yutuqlarga erishilgan bo‘lsa-da, hali ham qo‘shimcha tadqiqotlarni talab qiluvchi ochiq savollar mavjud. Jumladan, immun va metabolik jarayonlarning o‘zaro ta’sir mexanizmlari, shuningdek, kasallikning rivojlanishini sekinlashtirishga qodir bo‘lgan erta aralashuv imkoniyatlarini chuqur o‘rganish zarur.
Библиографические ссылки
Atkinson, M. A., Eisenbarth, G. S., & Michels, A. W. Type 1 diabetes // The Lancet, 2014, Vol.383, P.69-82.
Bluestone, J. A., Herold, K., & Eisenbarth, G. Genetics, pathogenesis and clinical interventions in type 1 diabetes // Nature, 2021, Issue 464, P.1293-1300.
Bonifacio, E., Ziegler, A. G., & Klingensmith, G. Age at onset and characteristics of the preclinical phase of type 1 diabetes in childhood // Diabetes Care, 2021, Vol.34, P.1869-1874.
Cnop, M., Welsh, N., Jonas, J. C., Jörns, A., Lenzen, S., & Eizirik, D. L. Mechanisms of pancreatic β-cell death in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: many differences, few similarities // Diabetes, 2017, Vol.54, S97-S107.
Craig, M. E., Jefferies, C., Dabelea, D., Balde, N., Seth, A., & Donaghue, K. C. Definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents // Pediatric Diabetes, 2020, Vol.15, P.4-17.
Dhatariya, K. K., Glaser, N. S., Codner, E., & Umpierrez, G. E. Diabetic ketoacidosis // Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 2020, Issue 6, P.40.
Diana, J., & Simoni, Y. Toward a refined definition of type 1 diabetes // Frontiers in Immunology, 2018, Issue 9, P.1086. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01086
Heller, S., Buse, J., Fisher, M., Garg, S., Marre, M., Merker, L., & Woo, V. Insulin degludec, an ultra-long-acting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basal-bolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial // The Lancet, 2022, Vol.379, P.1489-1497.
Herold, K. C., Bundy, B. N., Long, S. A., Bluestone, J. A., DiMeglio, L. A., Dufort, M. J., ... & Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group. An anti-CD3 antibody, teplizumab, in relatives at risk for type 1 diabetes // New England Journal of Medicine, 2019, Vol.381, P.603-613. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1902226
Insel, R. A., Dunne, J. L., Atkinson, M. A., Chiang, J. L., Dabelea, D., Gottlieb, P. A., ... & Ziegler, A. G. Staging presymptomatic type 1 diabetes: A scientific statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association // Diabetes Care, 2015, Vol.38, Iss.10, P.1964-1974. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-1419
Kent, S. C., Chen, Y., Bregoli, L., Clemmings, S. M., Kenyon, N. S., Ricordi, C., ... & Hafler, D. A. The islet-infiltrating T cells in type 1 diabetes are clonal expansions // Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2020, Vol.192, P.871-880.
Knip, M., Siljander, H., & Akerblom, H. K. Role of humoral beta-cell autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes // Pediatric Diabetes, 2020, Vol.21, P.199-207.
Krischer, J. P., Lynch, K. F., Schatz, D. A., Ilonen, J., Lernmark, Å., Rewers, M. J., ... & TEDDY Study Group. The 6 year incidence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in genetically at-risk children: the TEDDY study // Diabetologia, 2019, Issue 58, P.980-987.
Kukreja, A., Cost, G., Marker, J., Zhang, C., Sun, Z., Lin-Su, K., ... & Maclaren, N. Multiple immuno-regulatory defects in type-1 diabetes // Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2019, Vol.112, P.1359-1367.
Leete, P., Oram, R. A., McDonald, T. J., Shields, B. M., Ziller, C., & Hattersley, A. T. Studies of insulin and proinsulin in pancreas and serum support the existence of aetiopathological endotypes of type 1 diabetes associated with age at diagnosis. // Diabetologia, 2020, Vol.63, Iss.6, P.1258-1267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-020-05115-6
Pociot, F., & Lernmark, Å. Genetic risk factors for type 1 diabetes // The Lancet, 2016, Vol.387, P.2331-2339.
Pugliese, A., Yang, M., Kusmarteva, I., Heiple, T., Vendrame, F., Wasserfall, C., ... & Atkinson, M. A. The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes (nPOD) Program: Goals, operational model, and emerging findings // Pediatric Diabetes, 2015, Vol.15, Iss.1, P.1-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12097
Rehman, A., Heinsen, F. A., Koenen, M. E., Venema, K., Knecht, H., Hellmig, S., ... & Schreiber, S. Effects of probiotics and antibiotics on the intestinal homeostasis in a computer controlled model of the large intestine // BMC Microbiology, 2021, Vol.12, P.47.
Roep, B. O., & Peakman, M. Antigen targets of type 1 diabetes autoimmunity. // Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 2019, Vol.2, a007781.
Roep, B. O., Thomaidou, S., van Tienhoven, R., & Zaldumbide, A. Type 1 diabetes mellitus as a disease of the β-cell (do not blame the immune system?) // Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2021, Vol.17, Iss.3, P.150-161. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-020-00443-4
Shapiro, A. M., Pokrywczynska, M., & Ricordi, C. Clinical pancreatic islet transplantation // Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2020, Vol.13, P.268-277.
Vatanen, T., Franzosa, E. A., Schwager, R., Tripathi, S., Arthur, T. D., Vehik, K., ... & Xavier, R. J. The human gut microbiome in early-onset type 1 diabetes from the TEDDY study // Nature, 2018, Vol.562, P.589-594.
Warshauer, J. T., Bluestone, J. A., & Anderson, M. S. New frontiers in the treatment of type 1 diabetes // Cell Metabolism, 2020, Vol.31, Iss.1, P.46-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.11.017
Wilcox, G. Insulin and insulin resistance // Clinical Biochemist Reviews, 2021, Vol.26, P.19-39.
