CHANGES IN THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE CYTOKINE SPECTRUM IN COMPLICATED PNEUMONIA IN THE ELDERLY

Abstract

The peculiarity of the immune status in viral infection is manifested in a long-lasting selective deficiency of IgA, including in combination with a high level of IgE, a decrease in phagocytosis, and an increase in concentration. Viral infection is characterized by an increase in the level of B-lymphocytes and hyperproduction of IgA, IgG and IdE, as well as IL-4. Studies confirm the existence of a relationship between IFN-γ and IL-1b concentrations, and this relationship is direct and decreases depending on the severity of viral pneumonia, which indicates violations of immunoregulatory mechanisms. The level of cytokines IL 1b, TNF–α and IL-4 is sharply increased in patients with severe complicated pneumonia. The results obtained indicate a violation of metabolic processes and pronounced immunological shifts that contribute to the development of complications of this disease. The most common cases were acute respiratory failure (ODN), disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DVSC), infectious and toxic shock (ITSH), pleurisy and abscess formation. In a number of patients, lung tissue damage and complications developed rapidly, despite intensive care in the intensive care unit.