IMMUNOBIOCHEMICAL PREDICTORS OF EARLY POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH HEART ISCHEMIC DISEASE AFTER AORTOCORONARY SHUNTING UNDER ARTIFICIAL CIRCULATION CONDITIONS
Keywords:
Cardiovascular disease, coronary artery bypass grafting, immunological markers, cytokines, IL-6, TNF-α, CD4/CD8, myocardial remodeling, artificial circulation, complicationsAbstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains the leading cause of death, and coronary artery bypass grafting (ACG) remains the primary method of myocardial revascularization surgery. However, the development of postoperative complications associated with systemic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and endothelial dysfunction requires the search for objective prognostic markers. The purpose of this study is to determine the immunobiochemical predictors of complications in patients with coronary heart disease who underwent CABG under conditions of artificial circulation (IC). The study included 100 patients with coronary heart disease aged 40-65 years and 20 healthy individuals. The indicators of cellular and humoral immunity, cytokines, lipid metabolism, coagulation, and remodeling markers were evaluated. The analysis was performed before the operation, 24 and 72 hours after CABG.The obtained data showed a significant increase in IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17A, and a decrease in CD4/CD8, associated with the risk of early complications. Biochemical markers (troponin, CRP, TFR-β, LPO) demonstrated a direct correlation with the severity of myocardial reperfusion damage. A comprehensive assessment of immunological and biochemical indicators made it possible to identify the most significant predictors of the adverse course of the postoperative period. The research results are important for developing prognostic models, optimizing patient management tactics, and preventing complications after CABG.
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