CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN YOUNG ADULTS
Keywords:
ischemic stroke, young patients, elderly, clinical features, prognosisAbstract
Stroke is a major medical and social problem worldwide. In young patients, ischemic stroke may have a multifactorial and atypical course, but recovery potential is higher; in elderly patients, it is mainly associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, with more severe outcomes. Therefore, clinical and prognostic differences between young and elderly patients are of great importance for developing individualized diagnostic and treatment strategies. Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of biomarkers in predicting clinical outcomes, risk of recurrent stroke, and the degree of neurological recovery in young patients after ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: A total of 131 patients with ischemic stroke treated between 2022 and 2025 were analyzed: 87 (66.4%) young patients (18–44 years) and 44 (33.6%) elderly patients (45–74 years). Clinical, laboratory, instrumental, and statistical methods were applied. Results: In young patients, stroke showed a multifactorial origin with nearly equal male-to-female ratio (1.11:1). The main group more often presented with vascular wall pathologies, coagulation disorders, and congenital anomalies. Women aged 45–59 years had the highest risk. According to TOAST criteria, young patients had a lower rate of atherothrombotic stroke and a higher frequency of strokes of rare etiology. The main group demonstrated faster regression of neurological symptoms and positive dynamics in cognitive and psycho-emotional status. Conclusion: Ischemic stroke in young patients is a multifactorial problem requiring early diagnosis, timely treatment, and multidisciplinary rehabilitation. Correction of risk factors and development of preventive programs based on artificial intelligence are particularly important in patients with genetic predisposition and hypertension. These measures can significantly reduce the incidence of ischemic stroke and disability in this population.
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