ISLOM HUQUQIDA RIBONING TAQIQLANISHI: XUSUSIY HUQUQ BILAN QIYOSIY TAHLIL VA UYG‘UNLASHTIRISH MUAMMOLARI
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islom huquqi; shartnoma huquqi; riba; fiqh; shariat; fatvo; AAOIFI; uyg‘unlashtirish##article.abstract##
Mazkur tadqiqot shariat normalariga asoslangan islomiy moliyaviy tizimdagi ribo tushunchasining huquqiy tahliliga va uning an’anaviy xususiy huquq normalari, xususan, majburiyatlar huquqi, ekvivalentlik, shartnoma erkinligi va foyda olishning qonuniyligi kabi tamoyillar bilan taqqoslanishiga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqotning predmeti riboning huquqiy tabiatiga xos xususiyatlar va uni an’anaviy xususiy huquq doirasida moslashtirish yo‘nalishlarini aniqlashdan iborat. Mavzuning dolzarbligi globallashuv sharoitida mulkiy munosabatlarni axloqiy mezonlarga asoslangan holda tartibga solish modellari bilan qiziqish ortib borayotgani bilan bog‘liq. Tadqiqotning maqsadi islomiy va an’anaviy huquqiy tizimlar o‘rtasidagi uyg‘unlashtirish jarayonlari uchun ribo fenomenini huquqiy jihatdan qayta ko‘rib chiqish zaruratini asoslab berishdir. Tadqiqotning metodologik asosini qiyosiy-huquqiy tahlil tashkil etib, u islom huquqining klassik manbalari va zamonaviy huquqiy standartlariga tayangan. Ish davomida riboning turlari, xususan, ribo al-fazl va ribo an-nasiya shartnomalarning haqiqiyligi va tuzilish shartlari nuqtayi nazaridan tahlil qilindi. Ayniqsa, qat’iy foiz stavkalarini rad etib, foyda va xavfni bo‘lishishga asoslangan islomiy shartnoma modeliga alohida e’tibor qaratildi. Tadqiqot natijalarida huquqiy yondashuvlardagi tafovutlar, shuningdek, islomiy modelni dunyoviy huquq tizimlarida tan olishga to‘sqinlik qilayotgan institutsional va metodologik to‘siqlar aniqlangan. Natijalarga ko‘ra, zamonaviy yuridik doktrinada islomiy shartnoma huquqining qadriyat va axloqiy jihatlarini hisobga oladigan huquqiy mexanizmlarni ishlab chiqish zarurati mavjudligi ta’kidlanadi.
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