ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE(AI) AS A MEANS OF COMMITTING CRIMES IN FRAUD: LEGISLATION, PRACTICE, AND PROBLEMS
Keywords:
fraud, artificial intelligence (AI), means of committing a crime, deception, abuse of trust, aggravating (qualifying) characteristic of responsibility, specific criminal-legal significance of artificial intelligence (AI) as a means of committing a crime of fraud.Abstract
This article extensively uses logical, inductive, deductive, systematic, logical-legal, and comparative-legal methods. In particular, first of all, the concept of the means of committing a crime, the place of the objective side of the corpus delicti among the optional signs are revealed. In this article, the scientific approaches of researchers of some CIS countries to the systematization of individual cases of criminal liability for a number of acts committed with the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and their reflection in criminal legislation, as well as the scientific approaches of some scientists to the definition of artificial intelligence (AI) in criminal law as a "means of committing a crime," which is transformed from an optional to a necessary feature of the objective side of the corpus delicti, scientifically substantiated proposals are presented. In this article, based on the above scientific approaches, it is concluded that artificial intelligence (AI) corresponds to the concept of a means of committing a crime in both a broad and narrow sense. In the first case, it is scientifically substantiated that where the means of committing a crime can include both animate and inanimate objects, regardless of the approach to artificial intelligence (AI) and its legal nature, it can be classified into any category. In the second case, it is stated that with a narrow understanding of the means of committing a crime, artificial intelligence (AI) should be included in the category of objects of the material world. In order to fully investigate the specific criminal-legal significance of artificial intelligence (AI) as a means of committing a crime, it is necessary to consider its relationship with the features of the objective side of the corpus delicti. Currently, due to the fact that judicial and investigative practice in criminal cases involving artificial intelligence has not yet been fully formed, through the analysis of some judicial and investigative practice, it is noted that there are several problems related to the manifestation of artificial intelligence (AI) as a means of specific facilitation of the commission of a crime in crimes in the economic sphere, and it is said that these problems are controversially discussed in scientific research, and finding their solution directly affects the definition of the means of committing a crime. Also, this article provides a practical example of the qualifying composition of this crime, which facilitates the commission of this crime using artificial intelligence (AI) as a means of committing fraud, and aggravates liability. At the same time, by studying the doctrine of classical and modern criminal law, the specific criminal-legal significance of artificial intelligence as a means of committing a crime in the crime of fraud is highlighted. Also, the theoretical and practical problems of committing this crime using artificial intelligence (AI) as a means of committing fraud, cited in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, are highlighted. At the same time, specific proposals and recommendations have been developed for improving the criminal legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
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