ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE WORK OF LAWYERS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES OF UZBEKISTAN: BALANCING EFFICIENCY AND ATTORNEY-CLIENT PRIVILEGE
Keywords:
искусственный интеллект; адвокатура; правоохранительные органы; Узбекистан; эффективность; профессиональная тайна; адвокатская тайна; конфиденциальность; защита данных; этический ИИ.Abstract
The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies provides transformative efficiency gains in legal practice and the activities of law enforcement agencies. However, these advantages are accompanied by serious concerns regarding the protection of professional secrecy—primarily attorney-client privilege and confidential information held by law enforcement authorities. This article offers a comprehensive examination of the application of AI in the work of lawyers and law enforcement agencies in Uzbekistan and critically assesses the tension between enhanced efficiency and the safeguarding of professional secrecy. The article analyzes global and national trends, including recent reforms in Uzbekistan such as the LexAI legal information platform and AI-based law enforcement tools, and explores the legal and ethical implications of AI’s impact on confidentiality obligations. Existing laws and regulations—ranging from the Law “On Advocacy” (which enshrines the institution of attorney-client privilege) to newly adopted normative acts on AI and personal data—are evaluated in terms of their adequacy in responding to emerging challenges.
While AI can streamline tasks such as legal research, document analysis, and crime detection, it simultaneously creates risks to privacy and privileged information in the absence of proper regulatory safeguards. Through an in-depth analytical literature review, the article identifies gaps in current research and regulation, synthesizes comparative jurisdictional findings, and formulates recommendations for achieving a balanced approach. It is argued that—with appropriate safeguards such as clear ethical standards, secure AI systems, requirements for human oversight, and robust data-protection measures—Uzbekistan can harness the efficiency of AI without undermining the confidentiality and trust that form the foundation of legal practice and law enforcement activity. Adopting such a balanced framework is crucial for maintaining the rule of law and public confidence amid technological innovation.
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