THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONCEPTS OF STATE SERVICE AND PUBLIC SERVICE IN THE LEGISLATION OF KAZAKHSTAN AND UZBEKISTAN
Keywords:
administrative law, state service, public service, electronic government, administrative procedure, service state, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan.Abstract
This article explores the doctrinal and legislative relationship between the concepts of “state service” (gosudarstvennaya usluga) and “public service” (publichnaya usluga) in the legal systems of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Building on the theory of the “service state”, it emphasises the gradual shift of public administration towards a service-oriented model in which the provision of services to individuals and legal entities is recognised as a core function of the state. In Kazakhstan, the analysis focuses on the Law “On Public (State) Services” No. 88-V of 15 April 2013, related by-laws and standardisation acts, which define public (state) services as a form of implementation of state functions carried out upon the request of service recipients and aimed at the realisation of their rights and legitimate interests. In Uzbekistan, the article examines the Law “On Electronic Government” No. ZRU-395 of 9 December 2015, Presidential Decrees No. UP-5278 of 12 December 2017 and No. UP-5930 of 31 January 2020, cabinet resolutions on administrative regulations, and the legal framework of the Unified Portal of Interactive Public Services (my.gov.uz). Drawing on the works of scholars such as Sadibekova, Nurgazinov, Martynova, Seilkhanova, Petrenko and others, the paper argues that “public service” in the narrow sense designates the broader category of publicly guaranteed services provided by state and local bodies, whereas “state service” is the statutory type of public service delivered by state authorities. The article concludes with de lege ferenda recommendations for improving conceptual coherence, standard-setting and procedural safeguards in the provision of public services in both countries.
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