PECULIARITIES OF LIABILITY FOR RECIDIVISM IN THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF SOME FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Keywords:
recidivism, criminal record, aggravating circumstances, juvenile recidivismAbstract
Inthisarticle, the authorhighlights the specifics of liabilityforrecidivismin the criminallegislation of someforeigncountries.According to the author, the problem of recidivismisanextremelycomplexandmultifacetedphenomenon, the concept of which is interpretedindifferent ways by representatives of variousscientificdisciplines.Indeed, the term"relapse"comesfrom the Latinwordrecidivus,meaning"recurring","resuming".Itrepresentsamoredangerousform of crime. The CriminalLawrecognizes as a recidivism the intentionalcommission of a newcrime by a personpreviouslyconvicted of anintentionalcrime(Part1 of Article34 of the Criminal Code).Thisfact,namely the repeatedcommission of a crimeafterconviction,indicatesahighdegree of publicdanger to a person.Thisaspect is taken into accountin the law,andin the articles of the SpecialPart of the CriminalCode, certaintypes of recidivism are provided for asaggravatingcircumstances. The commission of a crimerepeatedlyisimportantbothfor the characterization of the convict'spersonalityandfor the organization of educationalactivities.TheCriminalCode of the Republic of Uzbekistan,adopted on September22, 1994,definedrecidivismandclearlyclassifiedcrimes in thiscategory,whichhasboththeoreticalandpracticalimplicationsforcriminallaw. In addition, a study of the legislationshowsthatinrelation to minors, the fightagainstrecidivismanditsprevention are entrustedtogeneralandspecialauthorizedentities.However, an analysis of the normsgoverningthisactivityreveals a number of problemsrelatedto the durationof criminal records,typesandamounts of punishments,which,despitetheirmitigatednatureinrelation to minors, are limitedonly to the imposition of punishmentsbelow the generalterms.Atthesametime, a specialprocedure for applying the terms of a criminal recordforminorshas not yetbeenestablished. An analysis of the norms of someCIScountriesregulating the institution of juvenilerecidivismandtheir criminal recordindicatestheneed to improvecriminallegislationin terms ofregulatingrecidivismand criminal records.This,inturn,requiresfixingin a specificlegalnorm a specialprocedure for applying the terms of criminal recordforminors who have committed a crimerepeatedly.
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