MAIN TRADE ROUTES BETWEEN THE BUKHARA EMIRATE AND THE KOKAND KHANATE
Keywords:
trade routes, caravan routes, caravanserais, rabats, trade infrastructure, Central Asian trade, Kokand Khanate, Bukhara Emirate, foreign trade, domestic trade, trade caravans, geographical location, economic relations, trade security, customs system, trade centers, historical trade, transport routes, cultural exchange, road infrastructureAbstract
This article provides a scholarly examination of the principal trade routes in Central Asia, focusing on their geographical positioning as well as the functional role of caravanserais and roadside stations. Particular attention is given to the commercial interactions between the Kokand Khanate and the Bukhara Emirate, including the structure of caravan routes and the nature of economic exchanges conducted along them. The study highlights the interdependence between trade networks and both domestic and foreign policy, emphasizing their significance in shaping regional development. Furthermore, the paper explores the construction and operation of caravanserais, rabats, and related infrastructural facilities, underlining their importance in maintaining the safety and continuity of trade activities. It also evaluates various environmental and social challenges encountered by caravans, such as harsh climatic conditions, difficult terrain, and the risk of attacks. The findings suggest that the infrastructure established along these routes not only facilitated economic transactions but also promoted cultural interaction across regions. Overall, the article contributes to a deeper academic understanding of the formation and evolution of trade systems in Central Asia.
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