O‘T-TOSH KASALLIGI RIVOJLANISHIDA ICHAK MIKROFLORASINING O‘RNI (ADABIYOTLAR SHARHI)
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xolelitiaz, o‘t kislotalarining enterogepatik aylanishi, endotoksemiya, bakteriyalarning ortiqcha o‘sishi, o‘t-tosh kasalligi, ichak diskineziyasi##article.abstract##
Xolelitiaz ovqat hazm qilish tizimining eng keng tarqalgan kasalliklaridan biri bo‘lib, aholining barcha qatlamlariga ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Hozirgi kunda xolelitiaz uzoq davom etadigan, ko‘p bosqichli jarayon sifatida qaralmoqda. Bunda tosh hosil bo‘lishidan oldin moddalar almashinuvi va o‘t suyuqligining fizik-kimyoviy xossalari o‘zgaradi. Biroq, xolelitiaz rivojlanishiga olib keluvchi ko‘plab omillar orasida infeksion omilning roliga yetarlicha e’tibor qaratilmagan. Adabiyotlar tahlili shuni ko‘rsatdiki, bugungi kunda ichakdagi bakteriyalarning ortiqcha o‘sishi orqali xolelitiaz rivojlanishiga yordam beradigan turli mexanizmlar mavjud. Birinchidan, bakteriyalarning haddan tashqari ko‘payishi bilan o‘n ikki barmoqli ichak-o‘t yo‘llari reflyuksi o‘t yo‘llarining infektsiyalanishiga va o‘t pufagida yallig‘lanish rivojlanishiga olib keladi. Yallig‘lanish jarayonida paydo bo‘ladigan moddalar (oqsillar, shilimshiq, ko‘chib tushgan epiteliy) o‘t toshi hosil bo‘ladigan matritsa vazifasini bajaradi. Ikkinchidan, o‘t kislotalari enterogepatik aylanishining buzilishida disbakteriozning roli muhimdir. Konyugatsiyalangan va dekonyugatsiyalangan o‘t kislotalari nisbatining o‘zgarishi litogen o‘t hosil bo‘lishiga yordam beradi. Uchinchidan, bakteriyalarning haddan tashqari ko‘payib ketishi jigardagi o‘t kislotalari almashinuviga zararli ta’sir ko‘rsatadigan endotoksemiyaga olib keladi. Nihoyat, ingichka ichakning hazm qilish va so‘rish funksiyalari mikrobiotaga ma’lum darajada bog‘liq, ammo bu omilning xolelitiazda ishtiroki qo‘shimcha tadqiqotlarni talab etadi.
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