РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПОСЛЕДНИХ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ДАННЫХ В ДИНАМИКЕ В БУХАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Keywords:
iodine deficiency diseases, epidemiology, Bukhara region of the Republic of UzbekistanAbstract
Relevance: Iodine deficiency diseases (IDD) are a set of pathological conditions that develop in the population due to iodine deficiency, which can be prevented by normalizing iodine intake (WHO).
Aim: to study the dynamics of the prevalence of iodine deficiency diseases among the population of the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Research materials and methods: In order to study the prevalence of IDD in dynamics among the organized population of the Bukhara region, an epidemiological study was conducted, which included schools and kindergartens (random sampling), in rural areas (Peshku district) and in the city of Bukhara. To conduct a quantitative assessment of the iodine content, 367 urine samples were collected (schoolchildren aged 11-15 and among pupils in kindergartens aged 4-6). Criteria for assessing the severity of IDS were chosen criteria developed by WHO experts. To determine the concentration of iodine in the urine, the method of Nawschinek O. et al., improved by Mishchenko B.P., was used. and others (10). The obtained data were statistically processed using the MS Excel software package.
Results: A comparative analysis of the prevalence of diffuse goiter showed that the incidence of goiter I degree decreased from 50.8% in 1998 to 20.2% in 2022. The incidence of goiter II degree decreased from 13.7% in 1998 to 2.7% in 2022. The present study showed that in 2022 the prevalence of diffuse goiter in the region was 22.9%, which indicates a dynamic decrease compared to 1998, although the degree of DY remains moderate. An analysis of ioduria showed that the optimal intake of iodine was found in 58.9% of the population, in contrast to 1998 (lack of iodine in the diet in 95.1%).
Conclusions: There is a decrease in the prevalence of endemic goiter in dynamics from 64.5% in 1998 to 22.9% in 2022, which indicates a positive trend. The data obtained on the normal content of iodine in the urine, 56.7%, indicate that half of the children still do not receive a normal amount of iodine with table salt.
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