KIMYOVIY ADDIKTIV BUZILISHLARI MAVJUD BEMORLARDA DEPRESSIV BUZILISHLARNI KORREKSIYALASH VA KOMPLEKS REABILITATSIYA SAMARADORLIGINI BAHOLASH
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kimyoviy addiktiv buzilish, psixoaktiv modda, qaramlik, depressiya, reabilitatsiya, kognitiv xulq-atvor terapiyasi, motivatsion intervyu, SSRI##article.abstract##
Maqsad: Kimyoviy addiktiv buzilishlari mavjud bemorlarda depressiv buzilishlarni aniqlash va ularni bartaraf etish orqali reabilitatsiya jarayonining samaradorligini oshirish.
Materiallar va usullar: Tadqiqot 2024–2025-yillarda Respublika ixtisoslashtirilgan ruhiy salomatlik ilmiy-amaliy tibbiyot markazining Samarqand viloyati filialida olib borildi. Klinik va psixometrik baholash asosida “psixoaktiv moddalarga qaramlik” tashxisi qo‘yilgan kimyoviy addiktiv buzilishlari mavjud bo’lgan 200 nafar bemor o‘rganildi. Ulardan 61%da alkogolga, 24%da opioidlarga, 9%da sintetik kannabinoidlarga va 6%da psixostimulyatorlarga qaramlik aniqlandi. Depressiv buzilishlar aniqlangan bemorlar tasodifiy tanlanma asosida ikkita guruhga ajratildi: asosiy guruh (n=100) kompleks yondashuv (SSRI + KHT + MI) asosida, taqqoslash guruhi (n=100) esa faqat SSRI preparatlari bilan davolandi. Depressiv simptomatikani baholashda HDRS, BDI va HADS shkalalari qo‘llanildi. Baholash reabilitatsiyadan oldin, 3 oylik oraliq va 6 oylik kech monitoring bosqichlarida o‘tkazildi.
Natijalar: Asosiy guruhda barcha shkalalar bo‘yicha depressiv simptomlar keskin pasaygani kuzatildi. BDI bo‘yicha ballar 25,1 ± 3,0 dan 8,4 ± 1,9 gacha, HDRS bo‘yicha 27,8 ± 4,3 dan 7,9 ± 2,2 gacha, HADS depressiya subshkalasi bo‘yicha esa 13,8 ± 2,0 dan 4,4 ± 1,1 gacha pasaydi (p < 0,001). Taqqoslash guruhida esa kamayish mavjud bo‘lsa-da, sezilarli darajada past (p < 0,005) bo‘ldi.
Xulosa: Kimyoviy addiktiv buzilishlari mavjud bemorlarda kompleks (farmako va psixoterapevtik) yondashuv depressiv buzilishlarni bartaraf etishda samaraliroq bo‘lib, reabilitatsiya jarayonining sifatli va barqaror kechishini ta’minlaydi.
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