EVALUATION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BONE COVERAGE COEFFICIENT AND SIDE RATIO COEFFICIENT COMPARED TO THE GRAF METHOD
Abstract
The purpose of the study. To assess the diagnostic effectiveness of the Bone Coverage Coefficient (BCC) and Side Ratio Coefficient (SRC) compared to the Graf method.
Material and methods: A clinical and radiological examination of 120 children with suspected hip dysplasia was conducted. A control group consisted of 30 healthy children. Sonography was performed using the R. Graf method with a linear probe of 5-7 MHz on a Toshiba XARIO-200 (Japan) ultrasound machine. Additionally, BCC and SRC were evaluated.
The results of the study. Among the identified risk factors, the most significant were breech or footling presentation of the fetus, observed in 35% of patients, female gender (44%), and tight swaddling (21%). These findings indicate the high prevalence of risk factors among the examined patients and emphasize the necessity of considering them during diagnosis.
Data analysis demonstrated that the Bone Coverage Coefficient (BCC) has a high diagnostic value. Its ROC AUC was 0.94, indicating an excellent ability to distinguish between normal and pathological hip joint conditions. The sensitivity of BCC reached 88.9%, meaning that the method correctly identified most cases of dysplasia. Specificity was 97.4%, suggesting an extremely low rate of false-positive results.
The Side Ratio Coefficient (SRC) showed more moderate performance, with an ROC AUC of 0.72. The sensitivity of SRC was 80.7%, and specificity was 54.4%, indicating its lower accuracy compared to BCC.
A correlation analysis showed a strong positive association between BCC and the α angle (r = 0.798, p < 0.001), confirming its reliability as a quantitative diagnostic criterion.
Conclusions. Ultrasonographic assessment of qualitative and quantitative parameters of the hip joint allows differentiation of various stages of dysplasia. BCC demonstrates high diagnostic value and strong correlation with the α angle. The inclusion of BCC in standard diagnostic algorithms is advisable to improve diagnostic accuracy.
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