SONG GENRE IN “DEVONI LUG'ATI-T-TURK”
Keywords:
song, composition, labor songs, hunting songs, metaphor, rhetoric, chain level, alliteration, parallelismAbstract
This article aims to analyze ancient songs, which are oral examples of the Turkic peoples, written in the “Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk”, the characteristics of the genre, classification and artistic analysis according to the scope of the subject. Mahmud al-Kashgari laid the foundations of Turkish linguistics for the first time with his “Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk”. The book is an excellent encyclopedic dictionary of the history of the Turkic peoples and contains valuable sources for many sciences and disciplines. For many years, Mahmud al-Kashgari traveled to the Turkic peoples and recorded oral creations. There are several types of folk songs in the collection. All the songs are in the form of quartets and are given as examples in the dīwān to explain the dictionaries. Scholars have differed in their interpretation of the passages, both as ancient songs and as examples of the artistic work of poets of palace literature so far. They have been called ancient songs under a common name and have not been fully classified and analyzed in terms of the genre’s internal genres.
Most of the pieces composed in dīwān are mainly independent quartets and meet the requirements of all types of songs when analyzed in terms of composition, rhyme, content and form features. The following types of folk songs can be found in dīwān:
- Labor songs: a) hunting songs b) livestock songs c) farming songs;
- Seasonal songs - spring and summer seasonal songs;
- Heroic songs: a) historical battles b) mourning for the deaths of heroes;
- Songs of exhortation;
- Lyric
The article analyzes samples of songs from the above classification, highlights their specific features, and complements them with comments.
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