EXPLANATION OF LEXICAL UNITS IN HAFIZ OBAHI’S DICTIONARY “TUHFAT UL AHBOB”

Abstract

This article examines the principles of lexical explanation in Hafiz Obahi’s dictionary "Tuhfat ul-ahbob", with particular focus on definitions based on synonyms. The research reveals that in addition to explanatory phrases and sentences, synonymic equivalents are widely used to clarify meanings of rare or complex words. The author emphasizes Hafiz Obahi’s efforts to convey nuanced meanings through familiar or related lexical units, thereby facilitating reader comprehension. Moreover, the article discusses the stylistic and semantic distinctions among synonyms, underscoring their function in enriching lexicographic clarity. The study also highlights how synonym-based explanations serve as a linguistic strategy in classical Persian-Tajik lexicography. "Tuhfat ul-ahbob" is thus regarded not only as a historical dictionary, but also as a valuable source for researchers interested in the evolution of semantic interpretation and lexicographic methodology. This approach remains relevant in contemporary lexical studies and offers insights into historical linguistic thought.