CONTEMPORARY CONCEPTS OF HUMAN NEUROGENESIS
Keywords:
neurogenesis, hippocampus, neuroplasticity, stem cells, depression, cognitive functionsAbstract
Neurogenesis—the process of generating new neurons from neural stem and progenitor cells—was long considered a phenomenon limited to the embryonic and early postnatal periods. However, studies over the past decades have convincingly demonstrated the persistence of neurogenesis in the human brain during adulthood, predominantly in the hippocampus. This review article summarizes current scientific data on the mechanisms of neurogenesis, its functional significance, its role in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, and the factors that modulate this process. Particular attention is paid to controversial issues and the prospects for the clinical application of knowledge about neurogenesis.
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