INTERRELATION OF KIMOKINE BIOMARKER LEVELS WITH CLINICAL PARAMETERS IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND PARKINSONISM “PLUS” SYNDROMES
Keywords:
Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism plus, monocyte-attracting chemical protein-1, inflammation, biomarkers, cognitive impairment, motor functionAbstract
This article analyzes the relationship between monocyte-attracting chemical protein-1 (CCL2) levels and clinical indicators in Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism plus syndromes. Serum protein levels were compared with motor, cognitive, and stage changes. According to the study results, the level of this protein in parkinsonism plus syndromes was significantly higher and correlated significantly with Hoehn & Yahr, UPDRS, and MMSE indicators. These results indicate the possibility of using chemical protein-1, which attracts monocytes, as a useful biomarkers in differential diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of the severity of the disease.
References
Skipp, P. J., Strazzeri, F., & Parkinson, E. (2024). Circulating inflammatory cytokines predict severity in hospitalized patients. Journal of Infection and Public Health. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412400323X
Dintino, C., Swift-Scanlan, T., Oh, U., Crump, E., & Shelton, E. (2024). Neurofilament light chain levels are increased after sleep in Parkinson disease. Neurology. https://www.neurology.org/doi/abs/10.1212/WNL.0000000000205626
Hamdy, S. M., Elsayed, N. A., & Youness, E. R. (2025). Effect of CDP-choline and caffeine on neuroinflammation in Parkinson's model. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2024-0447
Swann, P., Mirza-Davies, A., & O'Brien, J. (2024). Associations between neuropsychiatric symptoms and inflammation in neurodegenerative dementia. Journal of Inflammation Research. https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S385825
Khaydarova D.K., Mansurova N.A. Analysis of Motor Complications in Parkinson’s Disease Phenotypes. Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research. 25(5): 1-7, 2018;
Ma, Z., Wang, Z., Zhang, F., Liu, H., & Mao, L. (2024). Biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease: From basic research to clinical practice. Frontiers in Aging and Disease, 3(2), 115–130. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272192/
Zhang, C. G., Zhang, Y., Xu, K., & Wang, S. (2025). Inflammatory markers and depression in prodromal Parkinson’s disease. World Journal of Neuroscience, 13(1), 51–60. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886346/
Duan, Y., Liu, M., Wang, J., & Wei, B. (2024). Association between plasma MCP-1 and mortality in elderly patients with sepsis. Medical Science Monitor, 30, e941302. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10773152/
Lee, W. J., Liao, Y. C., Wang, Y. F., & et al. (2018). Plasma MCP-1 and cognitive decline: A two-year study. Scientific Reports, 8, 19807. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19807-y
Rastegar, D. A., Ho, N., & Halliday, G. M. (2019). Serum cytokines in Parkinson’s progression. npj Parkinson's Disease, 5(12), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-019-0086-4
Hall, J., & Lee, S. (2021). Inflammatory biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroscience Letters, 750, 135720.
Saijo, K., & Glass, C. K. (2020). Microglial cell origin and phenotypes in Parkinson’s disease. Nature Neuroscience, 23(2), 144–155.
Qin, L., Wu, X., & Block, M. (2022). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and neuronal damage. Brain Behavior and Immunity, 95, 20–30.
Salokhiddinov M., Rahmatullaeva G. The role of pathological deformations of the main arteries of the brain In the development//Cerebrovascular Diseases. – Allschwilerstrasse 10, Ch-4009 Basel, Switzerland : Karger, 2018. – Т. 45. – С. 473-473.
Rashidova, Nilufar et al. Anxiety-depressive disorders in women with migraine.//Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Volume 429, 119306
Вклад авторов
Гульнара Саттаровна Рахимбаевавнеc основной вклад в разработку концепци статьи, подготовил текст, и согласен принять на себя ответственность за все аспекты клического наблюдения. Дилшода Турдикуловна Акрамова участвовала в разработке концепции статьи и подготовке текста, а также принимали активное участие в лечение пациента, подготовки материалов и описании клинического наблюдения. Все авторы одобрили окончательную версию публикации.
Муаллифларнинг ҳиссалари
Гульнара Саттаровна Рахимбаева мақола концепциясини ишлаб чиқишга асосий ҳисса қўшди, матнни тайёрлади ва клиник кузатувнинг барча жиҳатлари учун масъулиятни ўз зиммасига олишга рози. Дилшодахон Турдикуловна Акрамовамақола концепциясини ишлаб чиқиш ва матнини тайёрлашда иштирок этди, шунингдек, беморни даволаш, материалларни тайёрлаш ва клиник кузатувни тавсифлашда фаол иштирок этди. Барча муаллифлар нашрнинг якуний версиясини маъқулладилар.
AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS
Rakhimbaeva Gulnara Sattarovna made the main contribution to the development of the article's concept, prepared the text, and agrees to assume responsibility for all aspects of clinical observation. Dilshodahon Turdikulovna Akramova participated in developing the article's concept and preparing the text, as well as actively participated in patient treatment, preparing materials, and describing clinical observation. All authors approved the final version of the publication.
