LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF HEMORRHAGIC STROKE COMPLICATED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Keywords:
hemorrhagic stroke, complications, respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infectionAbstract
The aim of the study: To determine the impact of infectious complications developing during the acute period of hemorrhagic stroke (HS) on long-term neurological and cognitive outcomes
Materials and methods: The study included 96 patients who had experienced acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Of these, 48 patients comprised the group with concurrent infectious complications during the acute period (pneumonia, urinary tract infections), while the remaining 48 patients did not develop infectious complications. Patient assessment involved the NIHSS scale, Barthel Index, and cognitive tests (MMSE, MoCA). The patients were followed up for 12 months.
Results: In the group with concomitant infectious diseases, participants were older and exhibited more severe neurological deficits upon admission. Dysphagia and pseudobulbar syndrome were also more frequently observed. During the first six months, patients in the first group showed a significant delay in the recovery of both cognitive and motor functions compared to the control group (p < 0.05). After 12 months, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups, including the characteristics of the post-stroke period in patients with lower respiratory tract and urinary system infections (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Infectious complications in the early period of hemorrhagic stroke are associated with unfavorable intermediate outcomes, including higher mortality and delayed recovery of cognitive and motor functions. However, by the 12th month, functional outcomes tend to equalize between patients with complicated and uncomplicated stroke courses.
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