EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSIS OF HIP DISPLASIYA IN CHILDREN UNDER 6 MONTHS
Abstract
The purpose of the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of ultrasound sonography in the diagnosis of various hip dysplasia in children under 6 months of age, as well as to determination of the relationship of pathology with risk factors.
Material and methods: Clinical and radiological examination of 60 children with hip dysplasia and 20 healthy children as a control group was carried out. Sonography according to the method of R. Graf was carried out using a linear sensor with a frequency of 5-7 MHz on the device "Toshiba XARIO-200" (Japan).
The results of the study. Of the risk factors in our study, the most significant were pelvic or leg presentation of the fetus, female sex and tight swaddling. After ultrasound sonography using the R.Graf technique, all patients, depending on the parameters of angle α (development of the acetabulum bone dome) and angle β (development of the acetabulum cartilage zone), were divided into 4 groups. The first group consisted of children with a normal hip joint from the control group. The second group included children with an immature hip joint. This group, in turn, was divided into several subtypes. Subtype IIa – children under the age of 3 months and subtype IIb with children over the age of 3 months, as well as subtype IIc, which is classified as "mild dysplasia" or "preluxation". The third group included infants with a decentered femoral head, with a diagnosis of "subluxation". And the final fourth group consisted of children with a complete dislocation of the hip.
According to the results of the study, it was revealed that the smaller the angle α and the larger the angle β, the greater the degree of underdevelopment of the joint.
Conclusions. Ultrasonographic assessment of qualitative and quantitative parameters of hip joints allows differentiating different stages of their dysplasia. From the group of patients with detected DTBS, patients with early changes in the immature joint that do not manifest clinically prevailed, based on this, it is necessary to include ultrasound of the hip joint in the sonography mode in the standard examination of newborns to objectify the pathological process.
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