IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES
Keywords:
child disability, medical and social assistance, rehabilitation, Covid-19Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic poses a global challenge to governments and healthcare systems. The pandemic and its consequences can have a devastating impact on the health and development of children, especially vulnerable children with disabilities.This article examines the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on children with disabilities. Before the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, in many countries around the world, children and adolescents with disabilities were considered a vulnerable group of people with access to medical and social assistance. It was considered appropriate to create a program for the creation of targeted measures aimed at improving the quality of life of children and adolescents with disabilities, the formation and implementation of types of social protection. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused social problems in the group of children with disabilities and those in need of social protection, leading to a weakening of their social protection. As a result, assistance to this part of the population was delayed, their access to social protection programs was limited, and problems arose with medical supervision and rehabilitation.
References
Agoratus L. Extended school year and compensatory services: special education during the covid-19 pandemic. Ep magazine, June 2020. Ep-magazine.com.
Asbury K., Fox, L., Deniz, E., Code, A., & Toseeb, U. (2021). How is COVID-19 affecting the mental health of children with special educational needs and disabilities and their families? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(5),1772–1780.
Al-Zahrani T., Al Harthi, F. Methods of dealing with psychological stress for families with special needs in light of some variables. Journal of the College of Education, 2019. 9(25), 124-167.
Al-Enezi M. The effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioural counselling program to increase realistic coexistence skills among mothers of mentally handicapped children in the Al-Jouf region. Saudi Journal of the College of Education, 2019. 35(3), 234-255.
Asbury K., Fox. L., Deniz. E., Code. A., & Toseeb. U. (2020). How is Covid-19 Affecting the Mental Health of Children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities and Their Families? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 51(5), 1772–1780.
Bhamani. S., Makhdoom. A. Z., Bharucha. V., Ali. N., Kaleem. S., & Ahmed. D. (2020). Home Learning in Times of COVID: Experiences of Parents. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 7(1), 9-26. EJ1259928.
Boonroungrut, C., Thamdee, N., & Saroinsong, W. (2022). Research on students in COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks: A bibliometric network analysis. International Journal of Instruction, 15(1), 457-472.
Busaad Y., Alnaim M. Parents’ perceptions regarding the effects of COVID-19 on their children with and without disabilities. International Journal of Instruction, 2021. 14(4), 997-1012.
Boonroungrut C., Thamdee, N., & Saroinsong, W. (2022). Research on students in COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks: A bibliometric network analysis. International Journal of Instruction, 15(1), 457-472.
Colizzi M., Sironi, E., Antonini, F., Ciceri, M., Bovo, C. & Zoccante, L. (2020). Psychosocial and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 in autism spectrum disorder. Brain Science, 10(6), 1 -14.
Courtenay K., Perera, B. (2020). COVID-19 and people with intellectual disability: Impacts of a pandemic. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine. 1 -6.
Cacioppo M., Bouvier S, Bailly R, et al. Emerging health challenges for children with physical disabilities and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: the echo French survey. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2021;64:101429.
Collins E.M., Tam PI, Trehan I., Cartledge P., Bose A., Lanaspa M, et al. Strengthening Health Systems and Improving the Capacity of Pediatric Care Centers to Respond to Epidemics Such as COVID-19 in Resource-limited Settings. J Trop Pediatr. 2020 Aug 1; 66(4): 357-365.
Clark H., Coll-Seck A.M., Banerjee A. et al. A future for the world's children? A WHO-UNICEF-Lancet Commission. Lancet 2020;395:605–58.
Chen J., Lin T-J, Justice L, et al. The social networks of children with and without disabilities in early childhood special education classrooms. J Autism Dev Disord 2019;49:2779–94.
CBM Australia. Disability Inclusion in COVID-19 Preparedness and Response, (April 2020).
Duraku Z., & Nagavci. M. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the education of children with Disabilities. Preprint
Dickinson H, Yates S. More than isolated: the experience of children and young people with disability and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic. Canberra, Australia: Public Service Research Group, 2020.
Dickinson H., Smith C, Yates S, et al. The importance of social supports in education: survey findings from students with disability and their families during COVID-19. Disabil Soc 2021;12:1–23.
Dzobo Mathias, Itai Chitungo, and Tafadzwa Dzinamarira. 2020. “COVID-19: A Perspective for Lifting Lockdown in Zimbabwe.” Pan African Medical Journal 35 (Supp 2) online,
Esentürk O. (2020). Parents’ perceptions on physical activity for their children with autism spectrum disorders during the novel Coronavirus outbreak. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 66(4), 1 -13.
Fenton P.M. 2020. “Helping Africa to Breathe When COVID-19 Strikes.” The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : The Official Journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 24 (6): 636–637.
Fäldt A.E., Klint F, Warner G, et al. Experiences of children with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden: a qualitative interview study. BMJ Paediatrics Open 2022;6:e001398.
Geweniger A., Barth M, Haddad AD, et al. Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health outcomes of healthy children, children with special health care needs and their Caregivers-Results of a cross-sectional study. Front Pediatr 2022;10:759066.
Global Rehabilitation Alliance. 2022. “Why Rehabilitation Must Not Be Neglected During and After the COVID-19-Pandemic: A Position Statement of the Global Rehabilitation Alliance”.
Huus K., Olsson, L., Andersson, E., Granlund, M., & Augustine, L. Perceived needs among parents of children with a mild intellectual disability in Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 2017. 19(4), 307-317
Jessie Meaney-Davis, Harri Lee, Nick Corby. The impacts of COVID-19 on people with disabilities: a rapid review, (April 2020).
Kalu Bernard. “COVID-19 in Nigeria: A Disease of Hunger.” The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine. Published Online April 29, 2020. 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30220-4.
Masi A., Mendoza Diaz A, Tully L, et al. Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the well-being of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and their parents. J Paediatr Child Health 2021;57:631–6.
Mbazzi F.B., R. Nalugya, E. Kawesa, C. Nimusiima, R. King, G. van Hove, and J. Seeley. 2021. “The Impact of COVID-19 Measures on Children with Disabilities and Their Families in Uganda.” Disability & Society. doi:10.1080/09687599.2020.1867075.
National Planning Commission. 2020. “Medium and Long-Term Impacts of a Moderate Lockdown (Social Restrictions) in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malawi: A Rapid Cost-Benefit Analysis.”
Neece C., McIntyre. L. & Fenning. R. (2020). Examining the impact of COVID‐19 in ethnically diverse families with young children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability and Developmental Disabilities Research, 64(10), 739–749.
Организация Объединенных Наций «Рамочная программа ООН по непосредственным социально-экономическим мерам реагирования на COVID-19», апрель 2020 год.
OECD, Handbook for the marker for the inclusion and empowerment of persons with disabilities, 2019.
Raghavendra P, Olsson C, Sampson J, et al. School participation and social networks of children with complex communication needs, physical disabilities, and typically developing peers. Augment Altern Commun 2022;28:33–43.
Stenhoff. D., Pennington. R., Tapp. M. (2020) Distance Education Support for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Complex Needs During COVID-19 and School Closures. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 39(4) 211 – 219. Stein Felix, Meghan Perry, Geoffrey Banda, Mark Woolhouse, and Francisca Mutapi. 2020. “Oxygen Provision to Fight COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa.” BMJ Global Health 5 (6): e002786. Shakespeare T., Ndagire F, Seketi QE. Triple jeopardy: disabled people and the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet 2021;397:1331–3.
Toseeb U., Asbury. K., Code. A., Fox. L., & Deniz E. (2020). Supporting families with children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities during COVID-19. Working Paper. PsyArXiv Preprints.
Tremmel. P., Myers. R., Brunow. D., Hott. B. (2020). Educating Students with Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned from Commerce Independent School District, Rural Special Education Quarterly, 39(4) 201 – 210. h
Tenywa Gerald. 2020. “COVID-19: Sick, People with Disabilities Disadvantaged.” " In New Vision. Kampala: New Vision.
UNICEF. (2020). Ensuring an inclusive return to school for children with disabilities East Asia and Pacific Region COVID-19 Technical Guidance. UNICEF.
UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund). 2020. “COVID-19 Response: Considerations for Children and Adults with Disabilities.” Accessed June 3, 2020.
UNICEF. Детский фонд ООН, Дети с ограниченными возможностями: обеспечение их включения в стратегии реагирования на COVID-19 и сбор доказательств, ЮНИСЕФ, Нью-Йорк, 2020.
Van Esch L., O’Nions, L., Hannes, K., Ceulemans, E., Van Leeuwen, K. & Noens, I. Parenting early adolescents with autism spectrum disorder before and after the transition to secondary school. Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2018. 2, 179–189.
Wong C.A., Ming D, Maslow G, et al. Mitigating the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic response on at-risk children. Pediatrics 2020;146:e20200973.
Young J., & Donovan, W. (2020). Shifting to Online Learning in the Covid-19 Spring. Policy Brief. Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research.
Статья поступила в редакцию 11.07.2024; одобрена после рецензирования 21.08.2024; принята к публикации 24.08.2024.
The article was submitted 11.07.2024; approved after reviewing 21.08.2024; accepted for publication 24.08.2024.
Информация об авторах:
Ризаев Жасур Алимджанович-д.м.н., профессор, ректор. Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет, Самарканд, Узбекистан. E-mail: sammi@sammi.uz, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-9403
Эргашева Муниса Якубовна-PhD, доцент кафедры «Инфекционные болезни» Самаркандского Государственного медицинского университета, Самарканд, Узбекистан. Е-mail: ergasheva.munisa1981@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-6557
Источники финансирования: Работа не имела специального финансирования.
Конфликт интересов: Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов, связанных с публикацией настоящей статьи.
Вклад авторов:
Ризаев Ж.А. — идеологическая концепция работы, написание текста; редактирование статьи; Эргашева М.Я. — сбор и анализ источников литературы, написание текста.
Information about the authors:
Jasur A. Rizaev — DSc, professor, rector Samarkand state medical university. Samarkand, Uzbekistan; E-mail: sammi@sammi.uz, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-9403
Munisa Ya. Ergasheva — PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Samarkand State Medical University. Samarkand, Uzbekistan; E-mail: ergasheva.munisa1981@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-6557
Sources of funding: The work did not receive any specific funding.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no explicit or potential conflicts of interest associated with the publication of this article.
Contribution of the authors:
Rizaev JA — ideological concept of the work, writing the text; editing the article;
Ergasheva M Ya — collection and analysis of literature sources, writing the text.
