TARJIMADA INTERTEKSTUALLIKNING VOQELANISHI: NAZARIY ASOSLAR VA AMALIY YONDASHUVLAR
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: Intertekstuallik, tarjimashunoslik, intertekstual elementlar, madaniy kompetensiya, manba matn (MM), kitobxon auditoriyasi, adaptatsiya, alluziya (ishora), intertekstual ekvivalentlik, paratekst##article.abstract##
Intertekstualik - bu matnlarning boshqa matnlarga ishora qilishi, ular bilan uyg‘unlashuvi yoki ularning elementlaridan foydalanishi orqali yuzaga keladigan hodisa bo‘lib, kitobxon va tarjimon oldiga mazmun qatlamlari borasida murakkab sinovlarni qo‘yadi. Tarjima amaliyotida intertekstual ishoralar so‘zma-so‘z tarjimadan ancha murakkab yondashuvni talab qiladi: manba matn (MM)ida mujassam bo‘lgan madaniy, tarixiy va adabiy alluziya (ishora)larni chuqur tahlil qilish lozim, negaki tarjima qilingan matn yangi kitobxonlar auditoriyasi bilan mazmunan rezonans hosil qila oladi. Intertekstualik - bu matnlarning o‘zaro havola, alluziya va struktura (tuzilma)ning o‘zaro bog‘liqligi orqali amalga oshadigan murakkab ta’siri tarjima jarayonida o‘ziga xos qiyinchiliklar va shu bilan birga turli imkoniyatlarni yuzaga keltiradi. Ushbu maqolada intertekstualikning tarjimadagi nazariy asoslari Yuliya Kristeva, Roland Bart hamda Jerar Jenettning qimmatli asarlari asosida tahlil qilinadi, shuningdek, tarjima jarayonida mavjud murakkabliklarni yengib o‘tishda bir qator amaliy yondashuvlar tarjimonlar e’tiboriga havola etiladi. Shuningdek, maqolada aniq iqtiboslardan tortib, yashirin madaniy alluziyalargacha bo‘lgan intertekstual elementlar tarjimon tomonidan MMga sodiq qolishi va kitobxonlar uchun tushunarli bo‘lishi o‘rtasidagi muvozanatni saqlash zaruratini yuzaga chiqarishi tahlil qilinadi. Adabiy va noadabiy kontekstga xos matnlarni tahlil qilish orqali maqolada quyidagi strategiyalar taklif qilinadi: izohlash, almashtirish, kengaytirish va ijodiy moslashtirish - bu usullar madaniy va lingvistik to‘siqlarini yengib o‘tishda samarali vosita bo‘lib xizmat qiladi. Ushbu maqola tarjima sohasidagi nazariy bilimlarni amaliy uslublar bilan uyg‘unlashtirga hissa qo‘shadi hamda tarjimonlar va madaniyatlararo muloqotda ishtirok etuvchi tadqiqotchilar uchun foydali ko‘rsatmalar beradi.
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