FEATURES OF BONE INJURIES TO THE LIMBS OF PEDESTRIANS DIED IN COLLISIONS WITH NEW-GENERATION VEHICLES

Abstract

Road traffic injuries are a pressing medical, social, economic, and demographic problem for most countries worldwide today. The objective of this study is to identify the morphological characteristics and substantiate the mechanism of limb bone injury in pedestrian collisions with moving modern Chevrolet Daewoo-uz passenger cars. The results of a forensic examination of 76 bodies of people killed in collisions with modern Chevrolet Daewoo-uz passenger cars are analyzed. Among the deceased, 56 were men and 20 were women, aged 18 to 74 years. It was established that pedestrian collisions with modern Chevrolet Daewoo-uz passenger cars (Lacetti, Nexia, Cobalt, Sparc, and Matiz brands) predominantly result in combined injuries to the head, chest, abdomen, and extremities, primarily with fractures of the lower extremities. Localization (level height) of fractures in the shin bones and damage to the outer covering in the area of ​​fractures (wounds, abrasions, bruises) in collisions with passenger cars of the following brands: Lacetti - at a level of 20.0 to 45.0 cm from the heel (often 30.0, 35.0, 40.0); Nexia - from 20.0 cm to 50.0 cm (often 30.0 cm, 35.0, 45.0 cm); Cobalt - from 20.0 cm to 43.0 cm (often 33.0, 35.0 cm); Sparc - from 8.0 cm to 47.0 cm (often 13.0, 18.0, 25.0, 35.0 cm); Matiz - from 20.0 cm to 38.0 cm from the heel (often 30.0 cm). Tibial fractures were undoubtedly associated with the first phase of the collision (primary contact). The heights of femoral fractures from the sole of the foot in car collisions (in the first phase) were: Lacetti – 65.0 cm, Sparc – 47.0 cm, Matiz – 42.0 cm. In the upper extremities, fractures were frequently observed in the humeri and forearm bones, but to a significantly lesser extent, their formation was associated with the third phase of the accident – ​​the falls of injured pedestrians onto the road surface.