PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEAF: SENSORY COMPENSATION, COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, AND COMMUNICATIVE ADAPTATION
Keywords:
deafness, sensory deprivation, cognitive development, speech disorders, sign language, sensory compensation, neurophysiology, emotional regulation, social adaptation, psychological-pedagogical correction.Abstract
This article is devoted to the study of the psychological and physiological characteristics of deaf individuals, including sensory compensation, impairments in cognitive and speech development, and the processes of communicative adaptation. Based on the analysis of neurophysiological and psychological data, mechanisms of enhancement in visual and proprioceptive analyzers compensating for auditory deficiency are described. The article examines the specific features of thinking and emotional development related to limitations in speech activity and the interaction between auditory and speech-motor analyzers. Sign language is analyzed as a structured tool for communication and cognitive activity. Special attention is given to the factors influencing social adaptation and emotional regulation, as well as the practical aspects of educational and rehabilitation work with deaf individuals.
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