ОСОБЕННОСТИ НЕЙРОТРАНСМИТТЕРОВ И НЕЙРОГОРМОНОВ ПРИ ОСТРОМ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОМ ИНСУЛЬТЕ
Ключевые слова:
ишемический инсульт, эксайтотоксичность, возбуждающий нейромедиатор, тормозной нейромедиатор, нейромодуляторы, нейрогормоныАннотация
Нейротрансмиттеры и нейрогормоны играют решающую роль в сложной патофизиологии неврологических расстройств, включая ишемический инсульт. В этом обзоре представлено всестороннее исследование ключевых нейротрансмиттеров — глутамата, ГАМК, дофамина и серотонина — и нейрогормонов — кортикотропин-рилизинг-фактора, окситоцина, пролактина и лептина — подчеркивая их отдельные и взаимосвязанные роли в модуляции нервной активности, воспалении, и нейропротекция. Глутамат и ГАМК исследуются на предмет их противоположного действия в отношении эксайтотоксичности и ингибирования передачи сигналов, тогда как дофамин и серотонин обсуждаются как факторы, влияющие на тяжесть ишемического инсульта. Нейрогормоны кортикотропин-рилизинг-фактор, окситоцин, пролактин и лептин оцениваются на предмет их вклада в нейропротекцию и воспаление. Объединяя текущие исследования, этот обзор стремится выяснить сложную роль этих сигнальных молекул при травме головного мозга и углубить наше понимание их участия в патогенезе ишемического инсульта.
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